The Kamakura Period Samurai Rule in Japan

The Kamakura Period in Japan lasted from 1192 to 1333, bringing with it the emergence of shogun rule. Japanese warlords, known as  shoguns, claimed power from the hereditary monarchy and their scholar-courtiers, giving the samurai warriors and their lords ultimate control of the early Japanese empire. Society, too, changed radically, and a new feudal system emerged. Along with these changes came a cultural shift in Japan. Zen Buddhism spread from China as well as a rise in realism in art and literature, favored by the ruling warlords of the time. However, cultural strife and political divides eventually led to the shogunate rulerships downfall and a new imperial rule took over in 1333. The Genpei War and a New Era Unofficially, the Kamakura Era began in 1185, when the Minamoto clan defeated the Taira family in the Genpei War. However, it was not until 1192 that the emperor named Minamoto Yoritomo as the first shogun of Japan — whose full title is Seii Taishogun,  or great general who subdues the eastern barbarians — that the period truly took shape.   Minamoto Yoritomo ruled from 1192 to 1199 from his family seat at Kamakura, about 30 miles south of Tokyo. His reign marked the beginning of the bakufu system under which the emperors in Kyoto were mere figureheads, and the shoguns ruled Japan. This system would endure under the leadership of different clans for almost 700 years until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. After Minamoto Yoritomos death, the usurping Minamoto clan had its own power usurped by the Hojo clan, who claimed the title of shikken or regent in 1203.  The shoguns became figureheads just like the emperors. Ironically, the Hojos were a branch of the Taira clan, which the Minamoto had defeated in the Gempei War. The Hojo family made their status as regents hereditary and took effective power from the Minamotos for the remainder of the Kamakura Period. Kamakura Society and Culture The revolution in politics during the Kamakura Period was matched by changes in Japanese society and culture. One important change was the increasing popularity of Buddhism, which had previously been limited primarily to the elites in the emperors court. During the Kamakura, ordinary Japanese people began to practice new types of Buddhism, including  Zen  (Chan), which was imported from China in 1191, and the  Nichiren Sect, founded in 1253, which emphasized the Lotus Sutra and could almost be described as fundamentalist Buddhism. During the Kamakura era,  art and literature  shifted from the formal, stylized aesthetic favored by the nobility to a realistic and highly-charged style that catered to warrior tastes. This emphasis on realism would continue through the Meiji  Era and is visible in many ukiyo-e prints from shogunal Japan. This period also saw a formal codification of Japanese law under military rule. In 1232, the  shikken  Hojo Yasutoki issued a legal code called the Goseibai Shikimoku, or Formulary of Adjudications, which laid out the law in 51 articles. The Threat of Khan and Fall to   The greatest crisis of the Kamakura Era came with a threat from overseas. In 1271, the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan  Ã¢â‚¬â€ grandson of Genghis Khan  Ã¢â‚¬â€ established the Yuan Dynasty in China. After consolidating power over all of China, Kublai sent emissaries to Japan demanding tribute; the shikkens government flatly refused on behalf of the shogun and emperor.   Kublai Khan responded by sending two massive armadas to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281. Almost unbelievably, both armadas were destroyed by typhoons, known as the kamikaze or divine winds in Japan. Although nature protected Japan from the Mongol invaders, the cost of the defense forced the government to raise taxes, which set off a wave of chaos across the country. The Hojo shikkens tried to hang on to power by allowing other great clans to increase their own control of different regions of Japan. They also ordered two different lines of the Japanese imperial family to alternate rulers, in an attempt to keep either branch from becoming too powerful.   Nonetheless, Emperor Go-Daigo of the Southern Court named his own son as his successor in 1331, sparking a rebellion that brought down the Hojo and their Minamoto puppets in 1333. They were replaced, in 1336, by the Ashikaga Shogunate based in the Muromachi part of Kyoto.  The Goseibai Shikimoku remained in force until the  Tokugawa  or Edo Period.

Essay on Wuthering Heights Setting - 603 Words

Wuthering Heights: Change in Setting In the novel Wuthering Heights, by Emily Bronte, two isolated houses are highlighted because of their contrast to each other. The atmosphere of the two houses share similar characteristics as the characters that live inside and Bronte expresses throughout the novel that one will change in a difference of setting, but one will never change completely. Thrushcross Grange is a lovely manor that is located among the grassy fields of the Yorkshire Moor. The atmosphere of the household is as refined as the occupants are. The moor has a calming atmosphere as well as beauty; this defines the fundamental structure of the Linton’s appearance. The Linton is a well-known family that is monetarily stable.†¦show more content†¦However, both Heathcliff and Catherine were able to escape their crude attitude and adopt a more polished attitude by escaping from the depressed environment. Although Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights are very dif ferent, the two households share similarities as well. Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights are isolated from other people. The two houses are miles apart, and the only common visitor is the doctor. As a result from the isolation, the two households relied on each other for company. As each visit brought a part of the visitor’s household’s atmosphere, the transformation of Catherine and Heathcliff deepened. The presence of Edgar Linton caused Catherine to act more refines and mature, and Heathcliff became more controlled with his anger. However, because of their settings each character fell into their pervious attitude. Heathcliff began to argue with Catherine because she spends more time with Edgar instead of him, and Catherine aborted her pretense of being a refined individual when Nelly refused to obey her orders. This recognize the fact that although that a person can change, they cannot change completely. The setting is a very important part of the novel beca use it has a tremendous amount of influence. The characters, the plot and the audience’s reaction are influenced the most. The influence of setting was reflected in wuthering heights, by Emily Bronte. BronteShow MoreRelatedThe Setting of Wuthering Heights Essay681 Words   |  3 PagesWuthering Heights is a novel of passion, revenge, and the destructiveness of a love that is too fierce. The book takes place in the Yorkshire moors in New England in the late 18th century. Emily Brontà «, the author of the tale, makes great use of the story’s Gothic landscape and setting to draw into her story and complement its ongoing themes. The book divides its plot between the wild farmhouse, Wuthering Heights, and the cleanly kept mansion, Thrushcross Grange. Catherine Earnshaw and HeathcliffRead MoreThe Importance of the Setting in Wuthering Heights Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of the Setting in Wuthering Heights There are numerous approaches to analyzing and understanding a novel, with the setting being one of utmost importance. It is one of the first aspects noted by readers because it can potentially increase their identification of specific motifs, and subsequently themes, through repetitively emphasizing the natural setting that penetrates conversations, incidences, thoughts, and behaviors. The author typically creates a setting that facilitates theRead More The Importance of Setting in Developing a Theme for Wuthering Heights by Bronte839 Words   |  4 PagesWhen Emily Bronte wrote Wuthering Heights England was going through a time of great change. It?s past agrarian society was changing and the common man was able to obtain wealth. 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Wuthering Heights and its occupants are wild, passionate, and strong while Thrushcross Grange and its inhabitants are calm and refined, and these two opposing forces struggle throughout the novel.    Wuthering Heights is out on the moors in a barren landscape. Originally a farming household, it sits [o]n that bleak hilltop [where] theRead MoreThe Depth of Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights884 Words   |  4 PagesWuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte’. It would be the least to say her imagination was quite impressive. Through imagination as a child, Bronte’ and her sisters would write children stories, which inspired some popularly known novels. Wuthering Heights contains crossing genres, changing settings, multiple narrators, and unreliable narrators. George R. R. Martin wrote the book Game of Thrones, which is one of the modern day novels that contain several of Emily Bronte’s writing techniquesRead MoreWuthering Heights1634 Words   |  7 Pagesfor her novel Wuthering Height, was inspired for her writing through her siblings from a young age. Brontà « was born in Yorkshire, England in 1818. She had one younger sibling, Anne, and four older ones, M aria, Elizabeth, Charlotte, and Patrick Branwell. When Brontà « and her family moved to Haworth in West Yorkshire, Maria and Elizabeth both died of tuberculosis. Emily was raised in the rural countryside in solitude, which provided a background for her Gothic novel, Wuthering Heights. When Emily, CharlotteRead MoreGood vs. Evil in Wuthering Heights638 Words   |  3 PagesMany authors use the setting of a novel to illuminate certain values and principles in their writing. In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte utilizes this technique to enhance the theme of the work. The novel is set in a harsh environment in Northern England, highlighting two specific estates, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, as the main places of action. The dreary landscape and houses not only serve as the primary setting, but also as major symbols that aide in establishing the tone andRead MoreWuthering Heights ch 1-3 analysis1105 Words   |  5 Pages In Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, what first appears to be an overabundance of descriptions about a mansion in nineteenth century England easily turns into a myriad of sentiment, hatred, and love among the protagonists. The work can be classified as an unprecedented satire, using indirect actions of its characters to convey a forthright message regarding human misdeeds. The first few pages of the book presents two main characters, Mr. Heathcliff and Mr. Lockwood, where both serve an important

Supervision of Regulation and Challenges †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Supervision of Regulation and Challenges. Answer: Introduction: From the above discussion it can be concluded that Islamic finance started gaining importance after the 2008 global financial crisis. The essay examined the development of Islamic finance in the UAE and how it has emerged as the alternative banking in the country since the last 50 years. It also explained that various factors that promoted the growth of Islamic finance like awareness on the part of the government institution related with the significance of promoting Islamic finance as Shariah complaint in the development of the country. It reviewed the public awareness on the growth of Islamic finance and financial system as better banking system (Ainley, et al., 2007). The major advantage of Islamic finance as observed from the literature review is that they do not follow the concept of investing money in speculative business of trading and chance games. In fact they operate the system as Shariah complaint and it is considered seriously by western researcher whereby normal banking should follow the same principle. Islamic finance offer diversity in the portfolio to both companies and individuals. In addition they are fulfilling the needs of their market segment that is rapidly growing. With the passage of time the Islamic finance is becoming more and more sophisticated. The constant evolution of the regulatory and policy framework and growing market of Islamic finance explain the growing capacity and stability of the concept (Archer, Karim, 2007). It is challenging the conventional banking concept as more and more banking institution and financial institution are adopting the Islamic finance. Thus it indicates the Islamic finance will evolve further. References Ainley, M., Mashayekhi, A., Hicks, R., Rahman, A., Ravalia, A. (2007). Islamic finance in the UK: Regulation and challenges. London: Financial Services Authority, 13. Archer, S., Karim, R. A. A. (2007). Supervision of Islamic Banks and Basel II: the Regulatory Challenge. Islamic finance: the regulatory challenge, 1-7.

To Kill A Mockingbird - Plot Summary Essays - To Kill A Mockingbird

To Kill a Mockingbird - Plot Summary Part 1 Chapter 1-8 1. Chapter 1 introduces readers to the town of Maycomb, its apperannce, its inhabitants, and the particular attitudes of many of its people. Find a sentence or a paragraph which illustrates each of the following attitudes/ideas. Quote at least a portion of the sentence or paragraph and give page number. a. pride in ancestry and "tradition" "tired old town" - p.9 b. pride in conformity and distrust of those who are different "Maycomb County had recently been told that it had nothing to fear but fear itself" - p.10 c. awareness difference in social classes "nothing to buy and no money to buy with it" - p.10 d. narrow span of interest and almost no interest in the world outside Maycomb. "nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County" - p.10 2. Approximately when does the story negin? Show evidence to support your answer. The setting of the story take place in Maycomb County, Alabama, during the 1930's. The neighborhood overall is very poor, with farming bein g the major way of making a living. (Cotton-farming) 3. What do we know for certain about Boo Radley? The Radley place and its mysterious inhabitant are described ub great detail. Scout was telling the story about Boo Radley, she said Radley was locked up as a teenager for once getting in trouble with police. Radley has been in the house ever since, although some people are convinced he come out at night. 4. Why is Boo fasinating to the children? At the summer, when Dill come out and play with Scout and Jem, Dill has always found interesting studying Boo's place, because Dill think Boo is phantom bogeyman. Chapter 2 1. Scout makes three mistakes during her first day at school. What are her mistakes, and why do they make Miss Caroline so angry? First of all, the teacher found out that Scout already can read, so she make Scout promise not to read to with her father; second, the teacher found out Scout was writing a letter to Dill, the teacher stop her from writing it and told Scout th at in Grade 1, you only learn printing, and in Grade 3 you learn writing; third, Scout was tring to explain the ways of the Cunninghams, a family of poot but proud farmers who refuse charity. Miss Caroline thinks Scout is being insolent and after slapping her hand. 2. Why are the professional people in Maycomb poor at this time? The professtional people is poor at that time I think is because their learning system is so limited, student have no chance to things other than what the teacher have teached. 3. What is the WPA, and why won't Mr. Cunningham work for it? WPA stand for Works Progress Administration. He didn't work for it because he is proud of himself, he won't take help and charity, he take only what he work for. Chapter 3 1. Calpurnia lectures Scout on manners when Scout criticzes Walter's manners and Atticus supports her. What does this tell you about how both Calpurnia and Atticus feel about others? Scout has a good relationship with Atticus but she doesn't really like C alpurnia since she think Cal hates her because they always argue about things and always takes the side of Jem. And the point of view from Cal and Atticus is very difference. Cal will give lecture to the children if they did something wrong, but Atticus will try to impact the important message to the children. 2. Burris Ewell, Walter Cunningham, and Chuck little are all from extremely poor families. However, there are great differences both in appearance and in attitudes, particularly between the Cunninghams and the Ewells. What are those differences and why do you suppose they exist? Between Burris Ewell, Walter Cunningham - They are both from a very poor family. But Walter's family is respectable, but Ewell's family is disreputable. Ewell have no attemp of dressing up to school, following rule, or even come back to school again. But as for Walter, he attend school in a clean shirt and neatlt mended overall. This is to show how disreputable Ewell's family is, and

5 Sentences in Need of Commas

5 Sentences in Need of Commas 5 Sentences in Need of Commas 5 Sentences in Need of Commas By Mark Nichol Commas signal delineation in sentences, sometimes showing the break point between two thoughts and sometimes marking the beginning and end of a phrase inserted in the midst of a sentence. Here are five sentences in which a single comma, or the second of an inseparable pair, is missing, with revisions and explanations. 1. â€Å"Even when he was caught, some say he was plotting.† The phrase â€Å"some say† is an interjection in the midst of the statement â€Å"Even when he was caught, he was plotting.† It is not enough to merely insert the phrase; one must bracket it in commas (the first of which supersedes the original comma, the function of which is to separate the sentence’s two clauses): â€Å"Even when he was caught, some say, he was plotting.† 2. â€Å"Sorry guys, she’s married.† When directing a comment at readers, the writer must set off with commas the word or words used to identify the audience: â€Å"Sorry, guys, she’s married.† (Otherwise, the writer appears to be addressing guys who are sorry though they are sorry if they’re thinking they have a chance with the woman in question, so the erroneous version almost works.) The sentence is further improved by distinguishing the internal punctuation to enhance the impact of the statement: â€Å"Sorry, guys she’s married.† 3. â€Å"Now there’s a formula for ethical quandary.† Terms that are located at the beginning of a sentence and that refer to time (now, soon, before, afterward, and so on) may or may not, depending on their function, be followed by a comma, but in this case, in which now is used as a meaningless interjection and the emphasis is on the expletive there’s, it is essential: â€Å"Now, there’s a formula for ethical quandary.† Otherwise, the statement reads like a pitch from a television commercial for a shampoo formulated to eradicate ethical quandary. (Now, that would be a hot-selling product.) 4. â€Å"Residents decide driving, and shorter trips to places like Canada are safer options.† The phrase referring to travel to Canada is an interjection inserted into â€Å"Residents decide driving is the safer option,† with a change in the verb is and conversion of the singular option to the plural options to accommodate the additional choice: â€Å"Residents decide driving, and shorter trips to places like Canada, are safer options.† (Note that if the conjunction and were replaced with or, the verb and the form of the noun would remain singular: â€Å"Residents decide driving, or shorter trips to places like Canada, is a safer option.†) Alternatively, the sole comma in the original version could be omitted (â€Å"Residents decide driving and shorter trips to places like Canada are safer options†), but that revision changes the sense somewhat, turning a parenthetical aside into an integral part of the statement. 5. â€Å"This city knows how to create high-rise neighborhoods while San Francisco just talks about it.† Without a comma between the two clauses in this sentence, it reads as if one city has the knowledge about how to create high-rise neighborhoods during the time San Francisco just talks about it. But the meaning is that while San Francisco dawdles, the other city does: â€Å"This city knows how to create high-rise neighborhoods, while San Francisco just talks about it.† While is not used here to mean â€Å"at the same time,† denoting a continuation of one thought; it is a synonym for whereas, and the comma signals a new thought. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"Use a Dash for Number RangesHow to Send Tactful Emails from a Technical Support Desk

Sylvia Plath Research Paper Example

Sylvia Plath Research Paper Example Sylvia Plath Paper Sylvia Plath Paper Essay Topic: Anne Sexton Poems Sylvia Plath (October 27, 1932 February 1 1, 1963) was an American poet, novelist and short story writer. Born In Boston, Massachusetts, she studied at Smith College and Newnham College, Cambridge, before receiving acclaim as a professional poet and writer. She married fellow poet Ted Hughes in 1956 and they lived together first in the united States and then England, having two children together, Frieda and Nicholas. Plath suffered from depression for much of her adult and in 1963 she committed suicide. 2] Controversy continues to surround the events of her life and death, as well as her writing and legacy. Plath is credited with advancing the genre of confessional poetry and is best known for her two published collections, The Colossus and Other Poemsand Ariel. In 1982, she won a Pulitzer Prize posthumously, for The Collected Poems. She also wrote The Bell Jar, a semi- autobiographical novel published shortly before her death. Plath was born on October 27, 1932, in the Massachusetts Memorial Hospital, in Bostons Jamaica Plain neighborhood. [4] Her mother, Aurelia Schober Plath (1906- 1994), was a first-generation American of Austrian descent, and her father, Otto Plath (1885-1940b was from Grabow, Germany. ] Plaths father was an entomologist and was professor of biology and German at Boston university; he also authored a book about bumblebees. On April 27, 1935, Plaths brother Warren as born[4] and In 1936 the family moved from 24 Prince Street In Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, to 92 Johnson Avenue, Winthrop, Massachusetts. [81 Plaths mother, Aurelia, had grown up in Winthrop, and her maternal grandparents, the Schobers, had lived in a section of the town called Point Shirley, a location mentioned in Plaths poetry. While living in Winthrop, eight-year-old Plath published her first poem in the Boston Heralds childrens section. [9] In addition to writing, she showed early promise as an artist, winning an award for her paintings from The Scholastic Art amp; Writing Awards in 1947. 10] Otto Plath died on November 5, 1940, a week and a half after Plaths eighth of complications following the amputation of a foot due to untreated diabetes. Raised as aunltarlan Christian, Plath experienced a loss of faith after her fathers death, and remained ambivalent about religion throughout her Ilfe. He was burled In Winthrop Cemetery; visiting her fathers grave prompted Plath to write the poem Electra on Azalea Path. After his death, Aurelia Plath moved her children and her parents to 26 Elmwood Road, Wellesley, first nine years sealed themselves off like a ship in a bottleÐ ²Ãâ€šÃ¢â‚¬ beautiful inaccessible, bsolete, a fine, white flying College years [edit] Plath attended Bradford Senior High School (now Wellesley High School) in Wellesley, graduating in 1950. [4] Smith College, in Northampton, Massachusetts In 1950, Plath attended Smith College and excelled academically. She wrote to her mother, The world is splitting open at my feet like a ripe, Juicy watermelon. [13] She edited The Smith Review and during the summer after her third year of college Plath was awarded a coveted position as guest editor at Mademoiselle Magazine, during which she spent a month in New York City. 4] The experience was not what she had hoped it would be, and it began a downward spiral. She was furious at not being at a meeting the editor had arranged with Welsh poet Dylan Thomas†a writer whom she loved. She hung around the White Horse bar and the Chelsea Hotel for two days hoping to meet Thomas, but he was already on his way home. Many of the events that took place during that summer were later used as inspiration for her novel The Bell Jar. [1 5] During this time she was refused admission to the Harvard writing seminar. [13] Following electroconvulsive therapy for depression, Plath made her first edically documented suicide attempt in late August 1953 by crawling under her house and taking her mothers sleeping pills. She survived this first suicide attempt after lying unfound in a crawl space for three days, later writing that she blissfully succumbed to the whirling blackness that I honestly believed was eternal oblivion. [4] She spent the next six months in psychiatric care, receiving more electric and insulin shock treatment under the care of Dr. Ruth Beuscher. [4] Her stay at McLean Hospital and her Smith scholarship were paid for by Olive Higgins Prouty, ho had successfully recovered from a mental breakdown herself. Plath seemed to make a good recovery and returned to college. In January 1955, she submitted her thesis The Magic Mirror: A Study of the Double in Two of Dostoyevskys Novels and in June, graduated from Smith with highest honors. [17] She obtained a Fulbright scholarship to Newnham College, Cambridge, in England, where she continued actively writing poetry and publishing her work in the student newspaper Varsity. At Newnham, she studied with Dorothea Krook, whom she held in high regard. [18] She spent her first year winter and spring holidays traveling around Europe. Career and marriage [edit] Plaths stay at McLean Hospital inspired her novel The Bell Jar In a 1961 BBC interview (now held by the British Library Sound Archive),[19] Plath describes how she met Ted Hughes: I happened to be at Cambridge. I was sent there by the [US] government on a government grant. And Id read some of Teds poems in this magazine and I was very impressed and I wanted to meet him. I went to this little celebration and thats actually where we met Then we saw a great deal of each other. Ted came back to Cambridge and suddenly we found ourselves getting married a few months later We kept writing poems to each other. Then it Just grew out of that, I guess, a feeling that we both were writing so much and having such a fine time doing it, we decided and world-wanderer with a voice like the thunder of The couple married on June 16, 1956, at St George the Martyr Holborn in the London Borough of Camden with Plaths mother in attendance. Plath returned to Newnham in October to begin her second year. In early 1957, Plath and Hughes moved to the United States and from September 1957 Plath taught at Smith College. In the middle of 1958, the couple moved to Boston. Plath took a Job as a receptionist in the psychiatric unit of Massachusetts General Hospital and in the evening took creative writing seminars given by poet Robert Lowell (also attended by the writers Anne Sexton and George Starbuck). Plath and Hughes first met the poet W. S. Merwin, who admired their work and was to remain a lifelong friend. Plath resumed psychoanalytic treatment in December, working with Ruth Beuscher. [4] Chalcot Square, near Primrose Hill in London, Plath and Hughes home from 1959 Plath and Hughes travelled across Canada and the United States, staying at he Yaddo artist colony in New York State in late 1959. The couple moved back to the United Kingdom in December 1959 and[22] lived in London at 3 Chalcot Square, near the Primrose Hill area of Regents Park. Their daughter Frieda was born on 1 April 1960 and in October, Plath published her first collection of poetry, The Colossus.

Assignment 8(775) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment 8(775) - Essay Example utcomes are aimed at developing an effective program, finding any modifications that should be incorporated in the program and realize any modifications that are not effective. Professional reflection is an essential part of action planning because the process of implementing new practices requires competent personnel who had specialized in a given field. For instance, one must have enough knowledge in order to come up with an effective research report. In this Chapter, Mertler states that the process of action planning in an organization entails using steps to action chart. This implies that only competent personnel can execute the whole process. In this chapter text, Mertler discusses the fundamental component of action research as the action planning. The text clearly explains the different forms of action planning that can be used in a number of set ups during research. They are provided as the informal and the formal plans. Although the author provides the typical outcomes that are likely to arise from the action research depending on the type of plan that is applied, he does not provide in-depth information on how to apply each in different circumstances. The piece is however insightful in the way that it guides the reader on how to plan and perform action research in varied ways. It provides the various steps that can be taken in the development of an action plan during research. This comprises the period from the initial planning to the final implementation stage. In a clear way, the author provides instructions on how action planning can be organized as well as the different levels on which action planning can occur. Thus, it is possible to apply each form of plan based on whether the research is being conducted by an individual, a team, at the school or the district level. In this case, action planning can occur at various levels of the organization that include the individual, team, school and the district level. The developing stage is made up of the